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"Time'n
and Count'n" © is an intermediate level book on 16-bit timing and
counting applications using Microchip Technology's PIC ® microcontrollers.
More opportunities for creating fun projects are described. Learning to
use timer 1 (TMR1) with it's powerful capture, compare and pulse width
modulation (PWM) modes will expand your PIC microcontroller design capabilities
significantly. TMR1, which is an on-board feature of many of the mid-range
PIC microcontrollers, is a 16-bit timer/counter. The maximum count is 65,535
vs. 255 for timer 0 (TMR0). This is a big help! TMR1 used in conjunction
with the capture, compare, PWM (CCP) module may be programmed to do useful
things unattended leaving the PIC free to perform other tasks. A special
pin may be used for external inputs to TMR1 and another special pin may
be used as an external output from TMR1. The techniques presented in the
book are useful for generating single time intervals and free running outputs
as well as for measuring period and frequency. PWM using TMR1 unattended
is also described. These timing and counting techniques serve as the basis
for designing and building your own period and frequency generating and
measuring test equipment as described in the book. By David Benson (8-1/2
x 11 format, 218 pages, $34.95).
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Table
of Contents
INTRODUCTION
TEST
EQUIPMENT FOR TIMING AND COUNTING EXPERIMENTS
Test
equipment for detecting a short single pulse and measuring it's width
Pulse
generator - 32 microseconds
Pulse
generator - 128 microseconds
Pulse
generator - 2000 microseconds
Pulse
generator - 65280 microseconds
Test
equipment for generating a frequency output
USING
TIMER 1, TIMER 2 AND THE CAPTURE/COMPARE/PWM (CCP) MODULE
PIC16F870
test circuit
Before
we take off
TMR2:
8-bit timer
TMR2
description
How
to choose/select mode of operation
Interrupts
TMR2
applications
Free running mode (via TMR2 interrupt)
Free running mode (via period register)
TMR1:
16-bit timer/counter and capture/compare module
TMR1/CCP
module simplified
TMR1
description
CCP
module - capture mode
CCP
module - compare mode
CCP
module - PWM mode
How
to choose/select mode of operation
T1CON register
CCP1CON register
Interrupts
Reading
and writing TMR1
Long
time intervals
Controlling
the CCP1 pin in compare mode
More
than one way to do timing stuff
Timing
and counting experiments
Free
running output (via TMR1 interrupt)
Event
counting (via TMR1)
Count events, read TMR1 contents
Capture TMR1 count when external event occurs
Count events up to predetermined number and generate an output (compare)
Single
time interval output (via TMR1 and CCP, compare mode)
Start TMR1, auto end
500 milliseconds
128 microseconds
Free
running output (via TMR1 and CCP, compare mode)
Clear TMR1 each cycle
Free running TMR1, add interval value to compare register each cycle
Time
measurement (period/interval/time between events)
(via TMR1 read)(interval input via port pin)
(via TMR1 and CCP, capture mode)(interval input via CCP1 pin,
two captures,subtract)
Frequency
measurement (via TMR1, gate via TMR0)
External
32,768 Hz watch crystal-based clock for TMR1
Pulse
width modulation (PWM) using TMR2 and the CCP module
Analog
output - increase/decrease buttons - PWM - 8-bit mode
Duty
cycle - 10-bit mode
Analog
output - increase/decrease buttons - PWM - 10-bit mode
DESIGNING
AND BUILDING YOUR OWN TEST EQUIPMENT
Keypad/LCD
user interface
5-digit
decimal to 16-bit binary entry program
Using
the 5-digit decimal to 16-bit binary entry program
Digital
pulse generator
Digital
frequency generator
Time
interval measurement instrument
Frequency
measurement instrument
Creating
your own combination signal generator and measurement instrument
APPENDIX
A - Program listings vs. page number
APPENDIX
B - PICF870 control registers
APPENDIX
C - '84 on a board
APPENDIX
D - PIC/LCD schematic and code
APPENDIX
E - Keypad
APPENDIX
F - Using the ICD
APPENDIX
G - Sources
Author:
David Benson: sqone AT pacific.net
http://www.sq-1.com/
Post
Office Box 501
Kelseyville,
CA 95451 U.S.A.
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